The code for a failed login or an expired token, and the header it must carry
Runs in your browser. Nothing you type is sent anywhere. Updated on 25 Oct 2026.A 401 is the code for "we do not know who you are": no credentials, expired credentials, or credentials that did not check out. Despite the name it means unauthenticated, and retrying with a good token can succeed. The specification requires a WWW-Authenticate header on every 401, telling the client which scheme to use, although most JSON APIs quietly leave it out.
Open the page with 401 Unauthorized already selected.
Read "When to use it": a failed login, a missing or expired token or a wrong API key, so a retry with good credentials can work.
Check "Headers to send": every 401 must carry a WWW-Authenticate header.
Choose a language under "Send this code in" and press Copy snippet for a 401 that includes that header.
This HTTP status codes reference lists every registered code from 100 to 511, plus the unregistered ones that nginx, Apache, Laravel and Cloudflare return. Each entry says what the code actually means, when to send it, whether a cache may store the response without cache headers, whether a redirect changes the request method, and which RFC defines it.
Search works three ways. Type a number such as 404, or a class such as 4xx, to jump straight to it. Type a name such as "not found". Or describe what you want to express, and the intent search finds the code: "login failed" gives 401, "rate limit" gives 429, "file too large" gives 413, "validation failed" gives 422.
Every common code comes with a copyable snippet for raw HTTP, Express, Fastify, FastAPI, Go and PHP, including the header that code requires, such as WWW-Authenticate on a 401 or Allow on a 405. Nothing is sent anywhere; the whole table is in the page.
The rest of the article, and all 6 questions about HTTP Status Codes, are on the HTTP Status Codes page.
Use 401 Unauthorized. It means the server does not know who you are, so a missing, expired or wrong credential belongs there. Use 403 Forbidden only when you know who the caller is and are still refusing. The specification wants a WWW-Authenticate header on every 401.
RFC 9110 section 15.1 lists 200, 203, 204, 206, 300, 301, 308, 404, 405, 410, 414 and 501 as heuristically cacheable, and RFC 7725 adds 451. A cache may store those with no Cache-Control or Expires header, which is why a temporary 404 can persist. Every other code needs explicit cache headers.
418 I'm a Teapot comes from RFC 2324, an April Fools' joke from 1998 about a coffee pot protocol. A 2017 proposal to reuse the number was withdrawn after objections, so it stays reserved in the IANA registry and must never be used for a real meaning.
No. 499 is an nginx log-only code for a client that hung up, and 520 to 527 are Cloudflare codes for problems between the edge and your origin. None are registered with IANA. They are listed here because you will meet them in logs, each marked with the product that invented it.
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